“Kuleli sonto, amanani entengoumhlaba ongavamileimikhiqizo yemakethe ilungiswe buthaka, futhi ukukhula kwe-oda lesizini eliphakeme akuzange kuhlangabezane nokulindelwe.Abahwebi banomsebenzi ophezulu, kodwa isidingo esingaphansi komfula asinamandla, futhi umdlandla wokuthengwa kwebhizinisi awuphezulu.Abaphathi bayaqaphela futhi bayabuka, okuholela ekumisweni kokuthengiselana.Muva nje, uMkhandlu Wombuso uhlongoze ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezuluumhlaba ongavamileimboni, kanye ne-Commerce Bureau ikhiphe isaziso sokuqinisa ukuphathwa kokuthekelisa komhlaba okungavamile, okungase kube nomthelela omuhle kumanani omhlaba angavamile.Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwesidingo sesikhathi esifushane akunamandla, futhi amanani asazoba buthaka futhi azinzile.
Uhlolojikelele lwe-Rare Earth Spot Market
Kuleli sonto, amanani entengoumhlaba ongavamileimikhiqizo ilungiswe kahle, futhi ukusakazwa kwemikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe kwanele.Izinkampani ezihlukanisayo ziqinile futhi zizinzile ngentengo, futhi okwamanje izindleko zokucubungula i-oxide ziphakeme kakhulu.Izinkampani ze-Scrap zinezinto ezilinganiselwe futhi ziyanqikaza ukuthengisa izimpahla zazo, kuyilapho ezinye izimboni ezihlukanisayo zifuna amanani aphansi ukuze zigcwalise impahla yazo.Ukuzimisela kukonke ukuthumela ngomkhumbi kuphansi, ikakhulukazi kugxilwe ekusimamiseni amanani.
Umkhathi obandayo kanye nencithakalo emakethe yendawo yomhlaba engavamile uyaqhubeka, nezintengo zemikhiqizo evamile ziqhubeka nokwehla, amanani e-praseodymium ne-neodymium agcina ukuguquguquka, nomsebenzi ophansi we-dysprosium ne-terbium.Abakhiqizi bensimbi banokuzimisela okuphansi ukwehlisa amanani, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko zokukhiqiza insimbi ziguquguquka kakhulu, okuholela ekushodeni kwempahla yendawo.Imboni yezinto kazibuthe ibike ukuthi kukhona ama-oda amasha ambalwa uma kuqhathaniswa atholiwe, namazinga okusebenza asukela ku-70% kuya ku-80%.Ukukhula kwama-oda emakethe kuhamba kancane, futhi amabhizinisi ahlukahlukene aqaphile ekulawulweni kwezimpahla, anomkhawulo wokugcwalisa isikhathi esifushane.
Sekukonke, ngenxa yezindleko zokukhiqiza ezibuthakathaka kanye nesidingo esingaphansi komfula, intengo ye-praseodymium neodymium oxide izohlala ibuthakathaka futhi izinzile, futhi izintengo ze-dysprosium nemikhiqizo ye-terbium nazo zizoqhubeka nokwehla.Kodwa-ke, izinqubomgomo zakamuva ezihlobene nomhlaba ongavamile bezivamile, futhi inkambiso yentengo yesikhathi esizayo kulindeleke ukuthi ibe ngcono.
Izintengo zomkhiqizo ezijwayelekile
| Ithebula Lezinguquko Zentengo Yemikhiqizo Ejwayelekile Engavamile Yomhlaba | |||||||
| usuku umkhiqizo | Novemba 3rd | Novemba 6th | Novemba 7th | Novemba 8th | Novemba 9th | inani eliguquguqukayo | intengo emaphakathi |
| I-Neodymium praseodymium oxide | 51.15 | 51.64 | 51.34 | 51.23 | 51.18 | 0.03 | 51.31 |
| I-Metal praseodymium neodymium | 62.83 | 63.26 | 63.15 | 62.90 | 62.80 | -0.03 | 62.99 |
| i-dysprosium oxide | 264.38 | 264.25 | 263.88 | 263.25 | 262.25 | -2.13 | 263.60 |
| i-terbium oxide | 805.63 | 805.63 | 803.50 | 800.38 | 796.50 | -9.13 | 802.33 |
| i-praseodymium oxide | 52.39 | 52.39 | 52.35 | 52.35 | 52.35 | -0.04 | 52.37 |
| I-Gadolinium oxide | 27.05 | 27.06 | 27.01 | 27.01 | 27.01 | -0.04 | 27.03 |
| i-holmium oxide | 57.63 | 57.63 | 56.56 | 56.31 | 55.14 | -2.49 | 56.65 |
| i-neodymia | 52.18 | 52.18 | 52.13 | 52.13 | 52.13 | -0.05 | 52.15 |
| Qaphela: Amayunithi amanani angenhla wonke ayi-RMB 10,000/ton, konke okuhlanganisa intela. | |||||||
Izinguquko zentengo zemikhiqizo yomhlaba engavamile kuleli sonto ziboniswa esithombeni esingenhla.Kusukela ngoLwesine, ikhotheshini ye-praseodymium neodymium oxide ibingu-511800 yuan/ton, inyuke ngo-3300 yuan/ton uma kuqhathaniswa nenani langoLwesihlanu olwedlule;Ikhotheshini ye-metal praseodymium neodymium ingu-628000 yuan/ton, ukwehla ngo-0300 yuan/ton uma kuqhathaniswa nenani langoLwesihlanu olwedlule;Ikhotheshini ye-dysprosium oxide iyizigidi ezingu-2.6225 zamayuan/ton, ukwehla nge-2.13 million yuan/ton uma kuqhathaniswa nenani langoLwesihlanu olwedlule;Ikhotheshini ye-terbium oxide iyizigidi ezingu-7.965 zamayuan/ton, ukwehla ngo-91300 yuan/ton uma kuqhathaniswa nenani langoLwesihlanu olwedlule;Ikhotheshini ye-praseodymium oxide ingu-523500 yuan/ton, ukwehla ngo-0400 yuan/ton uma kuqhathaniswa nenani langoLwesihlanu olwedlule;Ikhotheshini ye-gadolinium oxide ingu-270100 yuan/ton, ukwehla okungu-0.0400 yuan/ton uma kuqhathaniswa nenani langoLwesihlanu olwedlule;Ikhotheshini ye-holmium oxide ingu-551400 yuan/ton, ukwehla ngo-24900 yuan/ton uma kuqhathaniswa nenani langoLwesihlanu olwedlule;Ikhotheshini ye-neodymium oxide ingu-521300 yuan/ton, ukwehla ngo-50000 yuan/ton uma kuqhathaniswa nenani langoLwesihlanu olwedlule.
Idatha yokungenisa nokuthekelisa komhlaba engavamile
Ngo-Okthoba 2023, i-China yangenisa amathani angu-10818.7 omhlaba ongavamile, ukwehla ngo-31.9% ngenyanga kanye no-21.5% unyaka nonyaka, ngenani lokungenisa eliyizigidi ezingu-136.6 zamadola aseMelika.Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba 2023, i-China yangenisa amathani angu-145000 omhlaba ongavamile, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-39.8%, nenani eliphelele lenani elivela kwamanye amazwe lama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.83.Isimo esiqondile sokungenisa simi kanje:
Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuZibandlela wezi-2022, iChina yathumela ngaphandle isamba esingamathani angama-49000 omhlaba ongavamile futhi yangenisa kwamanye amazwe isamba semali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.06 zamadola aseMelika.Ngo-Okthoba 2023, iShayina yathumela ngaphandle amathani angama-4290.6 omhlaba ongavamile, okuwukukhula okungama-9% ngenyanga kanye no-19.1% unyaka nonyaka, ngenani lokuthekelisa eliyizigidi ezingama-37.1 zamadola aseMelika.Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuMfumfu wezi-2023, i-China yathumela kwamanye amazwe isamba esingamathani angama-44000 omhlaba ongavamile, okuwukunyuka ngo-7.7% unyaka nonyaka, nenani eliphelele lokuthekelisa kwamanye amazwe lezigidi ezingama-660 zamadola aseMelika.Idatha ethile yokuthekelisa imi kanje:
Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwamarobhothi e-humanoid anozibuthe basemhlabeni abangajwayelekile noma izindawo ezingakhula
Ngenqubekelaphambili eqhubekayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusha kobuchwepheshe, amarobhothi e-humanoid asephenduke isiqondiso esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa emkhakheni wobuhlakani bokwenziwa.Ngomhla zi-2 kuNovemba, uMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi ukhiphe "Imibono Eqondisayo Ekuthuthukisweni Okusha Kwamarobhothi E-Humanoid", ephakamise ngokucacile imigomo yentuthuko kanye nomugqa wesikhathi wemboni yamarobhothi e-humanoid futhi uhlele ukufeza ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi ngo-2025.
Kulezi zinsuku, amarobhothi e-humanoid enze ukuphumelela okukhulu kanye nokuqanjwa okusha ekuqashelweni okubonakalayo, ukumodela ulimi, i-servo yedrayivu kagesi, kanye ne-software ne-hardware design.Amarobhothi e-Humanoid ahlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe njengobuhlakani bokwenziwa, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, nezinto ezintsha, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi abe yimikhiqizo ephazamisayo ngemuva kwamakhompiyutha, ama-smartphone, nezimoto ezintsha zamandla.Banamandla amakhulu okuthuthuka kanye namathemba okufaka isicelo abanzi, okubenza babe ithrekhi entsha yezimboni zesikhathi esizayo.
Phambilini, uTesla umemezele ukuthi uzoqala ngokusemthethweni ukukhiqiza amarobhothi e-humanoid ngo-2023, abe amandla amakhulu okushayela isidingo somhlaba wonke sezinto ezisebenza kahle ze-neodymium iron boron magnetic, eshintsha kakhulu ukwakheka kwayo kwesidingo.Uma sicabanga ukuthi isidingo se-iron boron ye-neodymium esebenza kahle kakhulu yerobhothi elilodwa le-humanoid singu-3.5kg, kulindeleke ukuthi wonke amarobhothi ayisigidi esingu-1 azohambisana nesidingo samathani angu-3500 we-neodymium iron boron esebenza kahle kakhulu.Ngokuqiniswa okulinganiselwe, isidingo se-iron boron ye-neodymium esebenza kakhulu yamarobhothi e-Tesla sizofinyelela amathani angama-6150 ngo-2025.
Njengamanje, amarobhothi e-humanoid asetshenziswe ngaphambilini ezimbonini ezifana nezemfundo, ezokunakekelwa kwempilo, kanye nezimboni, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ahlanganise cishe zonke izimo ezingezansi ezibandakanya ukusebenza kwabantu esikhathini esizayo, esikhundleni sabantu emisebenzini enzima neyingozi.Njengamanje, i-“Robot+” ihlanganise izigaba ezingama-206 zezimboni ezingama-65.Ukuze kusungulwe futhi kuthuthukiswe amandla edijithali futhi kugqugquzelwe isahluko esisha sendlela yaseShayina eya enguqulweni yakamuva, isidingo esiphansi somkhakha kazibuthe womhlaba ongavamile kulindeleke ukuthi silethe ukukhula okusha.
Ulwazi Lwemboni Yakamuva
1,Ngomhla zi-3 kuNovemba, uLi Qiang wengamele umhlangano wesigungu soMkhandlu Wombuso ukuze afunde futhi akhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yemboni yomhlaba engavamile.Umhlangano uveze ukuthi umhlaba ongavamile uyingcebo yezimbiwa zamasu.Kudingeka sixhumanise ukuhlola, ukuthuthukiswa, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokuphathwa okulinganiselwe kwezinsiza zomhlaba ezingavamile, kanye namandla ahlukahlukene njengezimboni, izifundiswa, ucwaningo, nokusebenzisa.Sizokhuthaza ngenkuthalo ucwaningo nokusetshenziswa kwezimayini zesizukulwane esisha nezisebenzayo, ukukhetha, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuncibilikisa, sikhulise inqubo yocwaningo kanye nezimboni zezinto ezintsha ezingavamile zomhlaba ezisezingeni eliphezulu, siqede ukumbiwa kwezimayini okungekho emthethweni, ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo, nokunye ukuziphatha, futhi sigxile ekukhuthazeni ukuthuthukiswa okuphezulu, okuhlakaniphile, nokuluhlaza kwemboni yomhlaba engavamile.
2,Ngomhla ziyisi-7 kuNovemba, uMnyango Wezohwebo we-People's Republic of China ukhiphe “Uhlelo Lophenyo Lwezibalo Lokungeniswa Nokuthekelisa Imibiko Yemikhiqizo Eminingi”.Isaziso sihlongoza ukuqinisa ukuphathwa kokuthunyelwa komhlaba okuyivelakancane futhi kubandakanye imihlaba engaphansi kokulawulwa kwamalayisensi okuthekelisa kumakhathalogi afanelekile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-13-2023